Advancing Global Peace Through Development
On November 20, Professor Jeffrey D. Sachs testified at the UN Security Council’s session on “Maintenance of International Peace and Security: Promoting Peace through Common Development” in New York. Sachs discussed the ongoing conflicts in the Sahel, Israel-Palestine, and Ukraine, highlighting how economic and political solutions could foster lasting peace. He emphasized that sustainable growth is often thwarted by war, and tackling these conflicts is essential for global stability.
Millions of lives have been lost, and billions of dollars have been spent on these wars, which have devastated cultural, natural, and economic resources. Sachs believes that the UN Security Council has the power to end these wars by addressing their root causes and cutting off external funding and arms supplies. A collective agreement among major powers could lead to significant progress toward peace and sustainable development.
Addressing the Ukrainian Conflict
The conflict in Ukraine stems from two primary political issues: NATO’s expansion efforts and the cultural divide within Ukraine. Russia views NATO’s presence in Ukraine as a significant threat, and the cultural and linguistic differences between eastern and western Ukraine have fueled tensions. The Minsk II agreement, which aimed to provide local autonomy, was never fully implemented, exacerbating the situation.
To resolve the conflict, Sachs suggests that the P5 nations should provide security assurances to Ukraine and agree that NATO will not expand into the country. Additionally, addressing Ukraine’s economic ties with both the EU and Russia is crucial for stability. By promoting inclusive trade policies and investing in infrastructure, Ukraine can become a bridge between East and West, fostering economic growth and reducing tensions.
Resolving the Israel-Palestine Conflict
Sachs proposes that the Israel-Palestine conflict can be resolved by adhering to UN Security Council resolutions that call for a return to the 1967 borders and a two-state solution. The Council should recognize the State of Palestine, grant it full UN membership, and ensure its capital is in East Jerusalem. Establishing a peacekeeping force, largely influenced by neighboring Arab nations, could help maintain security and stability.
Economic viability is also vital for Palestine’s success as a sovereign state. Sachs recommends leveraging Palestine’s offshore oil and gas reserves, developing modern infrastructure in Gaza, and ensuring equitable water resource distribution with Israel. An integrated sustainable development program for the Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East could further enhance regional cooperation and resilience.
The Syrian War and the Sahel Conflict
Sachs argues that the Syrian war, ignited by external attempts at regime change, could be ended by the UN Security Council declaring an end to such efforts and collaborating with the Syrian government on reconstruction. Integrating Syria into the Eastern Mediterranean-Middle East region through infrastructure development would promote economic growth and stability.
Similarly, the Sahel conflict, exacerbated by the overthrow of Libya’s regime, can be addressed through regional economic development. The Sahel region, despite its challenges, holds significant potential for mineral wealth, biodiversity, and solar energy. Investments in education, healthcare, electrification, and transportation are urgently needed to lift the region out of poverty and conflict.
Establishing a Fund for Peace and Development
Sachs proposes the creation of a Fund for Peace and Development, supported by the major powers reallocating a portion of their military budgets. For instance, a 10% reduction in military spending by the US, China, Russia, India, and Saudi Arabia could free up around $160 billion annually for peace and development initiatives. This fund would focus on regional integration, infrastructure development, and fostering economic cooperation.
By partnering with initiatives like China’s Belt and Road, the EU’s Global Gateway, and the G7’s Global Partnership for Infrastructure and Investment, the Fund for Peace and Development could mobilize significant resources for conflict zones. This collaborative approach would promote peace not only in war-torn areas but also among major global powers.
A Vision for Global Peace and Development
Isaiah’s prophecy, inscribed on a wall near the UN, envisions a world where nations no longer wage war. Sachs calls for realizing this vision by reducing military spending and investing in sustainable development. Echoing the sentiments of spiritual leaders and the UN General Assembly, he urges world leaders to reallocate military funds to alleviate poverty and promote global growth.
As an American, Sachs takes pride in the UN’s establishment under Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s leadership. He believes that the UN and its Security Council possess the authority to maintain peace and advance sustainable development. With collective will, the international community can usher in a new era of global peace and prosperity.
For more information, you can read the full press release of the UN Security Council [here](https://press.un.org/en/2023/sgsm22040.doc.htm). The testimony of Professor Jeffrey D. Sachs can be accessed through [InDepthNews – IDN].
Additional Information
- UN Charter Article 2 (4): Prohibits the use of force and threats.
- IDN: The Non-Profit International Press Syndicate.
This summary of Professor Sachs’ testimony emphasizes the urgent need for collaborative, economic-driven solutions to global conflicts, advocating for a shift from military spending to sustainable development.